//
// WebSocket.h
//
// $Id: //poco/1.4/Net/include/Poco/Net/WebSocket.h#4 $
//
// Library: Net
// Package: WebSocket
// Module:  WebSocket
//
// Definition of the WebSocket class.
//
// Copyright (c) 2012, Applied Informatics Software Engineering GmbH.
// and Contributors.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
// obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
// this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
// execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
// Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
// do so, all subject to the following:
// 
// The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
// the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
// must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
// all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
// works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
// a source language processor.
// 
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
// SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
// ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//


#ifndef Net_WebSocket_INCLUDED
#define Net_WebSocket_INCLUDED


#include "Poco/Net/Net.h"
#include "Poco/Net/StreamSocket.h"
#include "Poco/Net/HTTPCredentials.h"


namespace Poco {
namespace Net {


class WebSocketImpl;
class HTTPServerRequest;
class HTTPServerResponse;
class HTTPClientSession;


class Net_API WebSocket: public StreamSocket
	/// This class implements a WebSocket according
	/// to the WebSocket protocol specification in RFC 6455.
	///
	/// Both client-side and server-side WebSockets
	/// are supported.
	///
	/// Server-side WebSockets are usually created from within
	/// a HTTPRequestHandler.
	///
	/// Client-side WebSockets are created using a HTTPClientSession.
	///
	/// Note that special frames like PING must be handled at
	/// application level. In the case of a PING, a PONG message
	/// must be returned.
{
public:
	enum Mode
	{
		WS_SERVER, /// Server-side WebSocket.
		WS_CLIENT  /// Client-side WebSocket.
	};
	
	enum FrameFlags
		/// Frame header flags.
	{
		FRAME_FLAG_FIN  = 0x80, /// FIN bit: final fragment of a multi-fragment message.
		FRAME_FLAG_RSV1 = 0x40, /// Reserved for future use. Must be zero.
		FRAME_FLAG_RSV2 = 0x20, /// Reserved for future use. Must be zero.
		FRAME_FLAG_RSV3 = 0x10, /// Reserved for future use. Must be zero.
	};

	enum FrameOpcodes
		/// Frame header opcodes.
	{
		FRAME_OP_CONT    = 0x00, /// Continuation frame.
		FRAME_OP_TEXT    = 0x01, /// Text frame.
		FRAME_OP_BINARY  = 0x02, /// Binary frame.
		FRAME_OP_CLOSE   = 0x08, /// Close connection.
		FRAME_OP_PING    = 0x09, /// Ping frame.
		FRAME_OP_PONG    = 0x0a, /// Pong frame.
		FRAME_OP_BITMASK = 0x0f  /// Bit mask for opcodes. 
	};
	
	enum SendFlags
		/// Combined header flags and opcodes for use with sendFrame().
	{
		FRAME_TEXT   = FRAME_FLAG_FIN | FRAME_OP_TEXT,
			/// Use this for sending a single text (UTF-8) payload frame.
		FRAME_BINARY = FRAME_FLAG_FIN | FRAME_OP_BINARY
			/// Use this for sending a single binary payload frame.
	};
	
	enum StatusCodes
		/// StatusCodes for CLOSE frames sent with shutdown().
	{
		WS_NORMAL_CLOSE            = 1000,
		WS_ENDPOINT_GOING_AWAY     = 1001,
		WS_PROTOCOL_ERROR          = 1002,
		WS_PAYLOAD_NOT_ACCEPTABLE  = 1003,
		WS_RESERVED                = 1004,
		WS_RESERVED_NO_STATUS_CODE = 1005,
		WS_RESERVED_ABNORMAL_CLOSE = 1006,
		WS_MALFORMED_PAYLOAD       = 1007,
		WS_POLICY_VIOLATION        = 1008,
		WS_PAYLOAD_TOO_BIG         = 1009,
		WS_EXTENSION_REQUIRED      = 1010,
		WS_UNEXPECTED_CONDITION    = 1011,
		WS_RESERVED_TLS_FAILURE    = 1015
	};
	
	enum ErrorCodes
		/// These error codes can be obtained from a WebSocketException
		/// to determine the exact cause of the error.
	{
		WS_ERR_NO_HANDSHAKE                   = 1,
			/// No Connection: Upgrade or Upgrade: websocket header in handshake request.
		WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_NO_VERSION           = 2,
			/// No Sec-WebSocket-Version header in handshake request.
		WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION  = 3,
			/// Unsupported WebSocket version requested by client.
		WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_NO_KEY               = 4,
			/// No Sec-WebSocket-Key header in handshake request.
		WS_ERR_HANDSHAKE_ACCEPT               = 5,
			/// No Sec-WebSocket-Accept header or wrong value.
		WS_ERR_UNAUTHORIZED                   = 6,
			/// The server rejected the username or password for authentication.
		WS_ERR_PAYLOAD_TOO_BIG                = 10,
			/// Payload too big for supplied buffer.
		WS_ERR_INCOMPLETE_FRAME               = 11
			/// Incomplete frame received.
	};
	
	WebSocket(HTTPServerRequest& request, HTTPServerResponse& response);
		/// Creates a server-side WebSocket from within a
		/// HTTPRequestHandler.
		/// 
		/// First verifies that the request is a valid WebSocket upgrade
		/// request. If so, completes the handshake by sending
		/// a proper 101 response.
		///
		/// Throws an exception if the request is not a proper WebSocket
		/// upgrade request.
		
	WebSocket(HTTPClientSession& cs, HTTPRequest& request, HTTPResponse& response);
		/// Creates a client-side WebSocket, using the given
		/// HTTPClientSession and HTTPRequest for the initial handshake 
		/// (HTTP Upgrade request).
		///
		/// Additional HTTP headers for the initial handshake request
		/// (such as Origin or Sec-WebSocket-Protocol) can be given
		/// in the request object.
		///
		/// The result of the handshake can be obtained from the response
		/// object.

	WebSocket(HTTPClientSession& cs, HTTPRequest& request, HTTPResponse& response, HTTPCredentials& credentials);
		/// Creates a client-side WebSocket, using the given
		/// HTTPClientSession and HTTPRequest for the initial handshake 
		/// (HTTP Upgrade request).
		///
		/// The given credentials are used for authentication
		/// if requested by the server.
		///
		/// Additional HTTP headers for the initial handshake request
		/// (such as Origin or Sec-WebSocket-Protocol) can be given
		/// in the request object.
		///
		/// The result of the handshake can be obtained from the response
		/// object.
	
	WebSocket(const Socket& socket);
		/// Creates a WebSocket from another Socket, which must be a WebSocket,
		/// otherwise a Poco::InvalidArgumentException will be thrown.
	
	virtual ~WebSocket();
		/// Destroys the StreamSocket.

	WebSocket& operator = (const Socket& socket);
		/// Assignment operator.
		///
		/// The other socket must be a WebSocket, otherwise a Poco::InvalidArgumentException
		/// will be thrown.

	void shutdown();
		/// Sends a Close control frame to the server end of
		/// the connection to initiate an orderly shutdown
		/// of the connection.

	void shutdown(Poco::UInt16 statusCode, const std::string& statusMessage = "");
		/// Sends a Close control frame to the server end of
		/// the connection to initiate an orderly shutdown
		/// of the connection.
	
	int sendFrame(const void* buffer, int length, int flags = FRAME_TEXT);
		/// Sends the contents of the given buffer through
		/// the socket as a single frame.
		/// 
		/// Values from the FrameFlags, FrameOpcodes and SendFlags enumerations
		/// can be specified in flags.
		///
		/// Returns the number of bytes sent, which may be
		/// less than the number of bytes specified.
		///
		/// Certain socket implementations may also return a negative
		/// value denoting a certain condition.

	int receiveFrame(void* buffer, int length, int& flags);
		/// Receives a frame from the socket and stores it
		/// in buffer. Up to length bytes are received. If
		/// the frame's payload is larger, a WebSocketException
		/// is thrown and the WebSocket connection must be 
		/// terminated.
		///
		/// Returns the number of bytes received. 
		/// A return value of 0 means that the peer has
		/// shut down or closed the connection.
		///
		/// Throws a TimeoutException if a receive timeout has
		/// been set and nothing is received within that interval.
		/// Throws a NetException (or a subclass) in case of other errors.
		///
		/// The frame flags and opcode (FrameFlags and FrameOpcodes)
		/// is stored in flags.
		
	Mode mode() const;
		/// Returns WS_SERVER if the WebSocket is a server-side
		/// WebSocket, or WS_CLIENT otherwise.

	static const std::string WEBSOCKET_VERSION;
		/// The WebSocket protocol version supported (13).
	
protected:
	static WebSocketImpl* accept(HTTPServerRequest& request, HTTPServerResponse& response);
	static WebSocketImpl* connect(HTTPClientSession& cs, HTTPRequest& request, HTTPResponse& response, HTTPCredentials& credentials);
	static WebSocketImpl* completeHandshake(HTTPClientSession& cs, HTTPResponse& response, const std::string& key);
	static std::string computeAccept(const std::string& key);
	static std::string createKey();
	
private:
	WebSocket();

	static const std::string WEBSOCKET_GUID;
	static HTTPCredentials _defaultCreds;
};


} } // namespace Poco::Net


#endif // Net_WebSocket_INCLUDED
